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1.
BJR Case Rep ; 10(2): uaae008, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38529105

RESUMO

An Amyand hernia is an incarcerated inguinal hernia containing the appendix with or without appendicitis. This is a rare form of inguinal hernia, making up approximately 0.4%-1% of all cases. As with any hernia, this may become strangulated at any time, leading to the loss of blood supply and further development of gangrene and complications. Clinically, this can present in a manner indistinguishable from other types of inguinal hernias. In addition, the appendix can be affected by its own set of pathological processes, such as infection, inflammation, and malignancy. Not uncommonly both hernial and appendiceal complications coexist. The clinical diagnosis of an Amyand hernia remains challenging due to its low incidence and indistinct clinical presentation. At present, surgery is usually diagnostic and therapeutic. However, there is a growing number of recent reports showing the invaluable role of imaging on the diagnosis of Amyand hernias and associated complications. The correct and timely recognition of their imaging features including complications can optimize and expedite patient care by guiding diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Here, we report for the first time the radiological and pathological findings of a patient with a unique complicated Amyand hernia, which posed a diagnostic challenge for the clinical and radiological teams.

2.
Insights Imaging ; 13(1): 161, 2022 Oct 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36195726

RESUMO

Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, with tendency to spread to any organ of the human body, including the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The diagnosis of metastases to the GIT can be difficult, as they may be clinically silent for somewhile and may occur years after the initial melanoma diagnosis. CT imaging remains the standard modality for staging and surveillance of melanoma patients, and in most cases, it will be the first imaging modality to identify GIT lesions. However, interpretation of CT studies in patients with melanoma can be challenging as lesions may be subtle and random in distribution, as well as sometimes mimicking other conditions. Even so, early diagnosis of GIT metastases is critical to avoid emergency hospitalisations, whilst surgical intervention can be curative in some cases. In this review, we illustrate the various imaging presentations of melanoma metastases within the GIT, discuss the clinical aspects and offer advice on investigation and management. We offer tips intended to aid radiologists in their diagnostic skills and interpretation of melanoma imaging scans.

3.
Clin Neuropharmacol ; 34(3): 131-2, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21586920

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The cerebellum has traditionally been regarded as an organ of motor coordination. However, the importance of the cerebellum in psychiatric disorders, behavior, and cognition is increasingly being recognized. There is no consensus concerning treatment of schizophrenia-like psychosis after cerebellar pathology. Reports describe the use of several antipsychotics, either alone or in combination with antidepressants or lithium. Clozapine is used for the treatment of refractory schizophrenia, but there are no reports of its use in the above-mentioned situation. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 20-year-old woman who developed a schizophrenia-like psychosis after rupture of arteriovenous malformation at 13 years of age. The psychotic symptoms proved to be resistant to treatment, and several psychopharmacological schemas were tried. The clinical picture only showed consistent improvement with the combined use of clozapine and valproate. CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between chronic psychosis and cerebellar pathology remains poorly understood. Cases like the present one suggest that clozapine and valproate may be used safely and effectively in refractory schizophrenia-like psychosis associated with cerebellar pathology.


Assuntos
Cerebelo/patologia , Hemorragia Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Clozapina/administração & dosagem , Transtornos Psicóticos/tratamento farmacológico , Ácido Valproico/administração & dosagem , Cerebelo/efeitos dos fármacos , Hemorragia Cerebral/complicações , Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Transtornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Psicóticos/etiologia , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Esquizofrenia/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
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